Monday, December 8, 2008

Study: How Poverty Affects the Brain

University of California, Berkeley, researchers have shown for the first time that the brains of low-income children function differently from the brains of high-income kids.Electroencephalography, or EEG, uses electrodes on the scalp and held in place by a cap to measure underlying brain activity.

In a study recently accepted for publication by the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, which seems to have surprised many including those from the medical industry, scientists at UC Berkeley's Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and the School of Public Health report that normal 9- and 10-year-olds differing only in socioeconomic status have detectable differences in the response of their prefrontal cortex, the part of the brain that is critical for problem solving and creativity.

Brain function was measured by means of an electroencephalograph (EEG) - basically, a cap fitted with electrodes to measure electrical activity in the brain - like that used to assess epilepsy, sleep disorders and brain tumors.

"Kids from lower socioeconomic levels show brain physiology patterns similar to someone who actually had damage in the frontal lobe as an adult," said Robert Knight, director of the institute and a UC Berkeley professor of psychology. "We found that kids are more likely to have a low response if they have low socioeconomic status, though not everyone who is poor has low frontal lobe response."

UC Berkeley News

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